Nutrients

7N

Why it is needed?

Nitrogen (N)
Needed for the formation of all plant and animal proteins

What happens without it?

X

Causes stunted and spindly plants, low protein content in seed and vegetative parts, and fewer leaves

15P

Why it is needed?

Phosphorus (P)
Vital for
plant photosynthesis

What happens without it?

X

Causes stunted growth, reduced crop yields, low quality harvests and moisture stress

19K

Why it is needed?

Potassium (K)
Essential for robust high quality crops

What happens without it?

X

Causes slower growth, delayed pollination and maturity, overdeveloped leaves, reduced crop yields, weakened stalks and moisture stress

The

Nitrogen Cycle

Plants need nitrogen for growth, but they can’t take it directly from the air. The nitrogen cycle is crucial—it turns air nitrogen into forms plants can use, providing the nutrients they need to grow and stay healthy.

Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrification

Assimilation

Ammonification

Denitrification

Diagram of The

Nitrogen Cycle

Component
Input to soil
Loss from soil

Environmental

Impact

Fertilizers boost crop growth, but they pose environmental challenges.

Groundwater Contamination:

Nitrogen in groundwater threatens drinking water.

Water Pollution:

Nitrate runoff harms aquatic ecosystems.

Eutrophication:

Excess nitrogen fuels algae, depleting oxygen.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions:

Nitrous oxide contributes to climate change.

Soil Acidification:

Impacts soil quality and nutrient availability.

Aquatic Dead Zones:

Low oxygen levels harm marine life.